Optimal Management of Mitral Regurgitation Due to Ruptured Mitral Chordae Tendineae in Patients With Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Abstract

There is continued controversy regarding surgical management of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and intrinsic mitral valve disease; some clinicians favor prosthetic replacement as this corrects left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction and valve leakage. In this study, we investigated the management and late outcome of operation for mitral regurgitation (MR) due to ruptured chordae tendineae in patients with HCM. We analyzed 49 consecutive patients with HCM and MR due to ruptured mitral valve chordae. Echocardiograms and operative reports were reviewed to classify valve anatomy and surgical methods. Information on late outcomes was obtained from electronic medical records and follow-up surveys. The mean age of the 36 men and 13 women was 61.9 ± 12.5 years; significant resting or provoked LVOT obstruction was present at the time of surgery in 46 patients. During the index operation, mitral valve repair was performed in 45 patients, and prosthetic replacement was necessary for 4 patients. Concomitant septal myectomy was performed in 46 patients. There were no hospital deaths or deaths within 30 days of operation. Five and ten-year survival estimates (Kaplan-Meier) were 92% and 71%. During follow-up at a median of 7.9 years, 3 patients underwent reoperation for MV replacement, 5 days, 3 years, and 14 years following valve repair. Ruptured mitral chordae may result in severe mitral valve regurgitation in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Valvuloplasty at the time of septal myectomy is safe with an acceptably low rate of recurrent MR requiring prosthetic replacement.