Hypotensive activity, toxicology and histopathology of opuntioside-I and methanolic extract of Opuntia dillenii

Abstract

Methanolic extract of Opuntia dillenii cladodes and its pure compound α-pyrone glycoside, opuntioside-I showed potent hypotensive activity in normotensive rats. Both the extract and opuntioside-I showed comparable effect of 44-54% fall in Mean Arterial Blood Pressure (MABP) at the dose of 10 mg/kg. No mortality was observed in rats even at the doses of 1000 mg/kg/d and 900 mg/kg/d per oral of extract and opuntioside-I respectively. However, histopathology revealed adverse effects of high doses on liver and spleen of the experimental animals. © 2005 Pharmaceutical Society of Japan.