Neonatal jaundice and diet

Abstract

Objective: To determine whether an earlier observation, that infants fed a casein-hydrolysate formula (Nutramigen) have lower neonatal jaundice levels than those fed standard formulas, would be repeated in a larger independent group of infants with more frequent measurements and more rigorous statistical analysis. Design: Newborn infants were fed human milk, a standard whey-predominant formula (Enfamil), or Nutramigen (n = 20 for each group) during the first 3 weeks of life. Transcutaneous jaundice index was measured daily for the first week of life and every 2 to 3 days thereafter, using a noninvasive jaundice meter. Linear regression models of the data were constructed, validated, and compared statistically. Setting: General community hospital with subsequent home visitation. Participants: Healthy, term newborn infants selected by convenience, based on time of birth. Intervention: Infants were exclusively fed human milk, Enfamil, or Nutramigen. Formulas were randomly assigned. Main Outcome Measure: Jaundice index, a transcutaneous measurement of jaundice. Results: The jaundice index differed significantly among the 3 groups. Paired comparisons showed that the jaundice index of the Nutramigen group was significantly lower than that of the Enfamil group (on days 6-16) and the human milk group (on days 3-20). The jaundice index of the Enfamil-fed group was significantly lower than that of the human milk group on days 13 to 19. Conclusions: Jaundice levels are lower in neonates fed Nutramigen rather than Enfamil and both these groups have lower jaundice levels than breast-fed infants.