Droplet impacting on a supercooled immiscible liquid pool

Abstract

In this work, we report the impacting and freezing dynamics when a hexadecane droplet impacts on a supercooled immiscible water pool. By utilizing the synchronized high-speed imaging and thermal imaging, three phases for the droplet dynamics have been identified: the jet phase, the flat phase, and the bowl phase. These different phases arise from the solidification process of the hexadecane droplet, and hence, depend on the degree of supercooling or water temperature. We further perform the scaling analysis for the phase transition, which agrees with the experimental observations remarkably. At a high Weber number, the transition between each phase is primarily determined by the supercooling temperature of the liquid pool.