Pilocarpine inhibits Candida albicans SC5314 biofilm maturation by altering lipid, sphingolipid, and protein content

Abstract

Candida albicans filamentation and biofilm formation represent crucial virulence factors promoting fungus persistence and drug tolerance. The common eukaryotic nature of mammalian cells poses significant limitations to the development of new active nontoxic compounds. Understanding the mechanism underlying PHCl inhibitory activity on yeast–hypha transition, biofilm adhesion, and maturation can pave the way to efficient drug repurposing in a field where pharmaceutical investment is lacking.