Personal Space Privacy for Residents in Eldercare Facilities: A Systematic Review of Interventions and Implementation Challenges

Abstract

This systematic review examines the complexities of personal space privacy in eldercare facilities, which we define as a multifaceted construct encompassing physical, informational, and social dimensions, and examines its interconnected impact on dignified care for older adult residents. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta Analysis (PRISMA) framework, a comprehensive search was conducted on Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus. Included studies focused on older adult residents in care settings and addressed personal space privacy. Twenty-two eligible articles were identified and assessed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP) criteria. Findings reveal inherent conflicts between residents’ privacy needs and clinical care imperatives—autonomy, safety, and cost-effectiveness. Enhancing privacy requires personalized environmental adaptations, caregiver competency development, and integration of assistive technology. Financial constraints hinder widespread implementation, highlighting a need for innovative funding solutions. A person-centered approach is essential to balance privacy with clinical care goals in care settings. Practical implications include tailored caring environmental modifications, investment in caregiver education, and strategic use of assistive technologies. Future research should focus on cost-effective interventions and the long-term impacts of privacy-enhancing measures on residents’ well-being. By addressing these challenges, eldercare facilities can better uphold residents’ dignity while maintaining high-quality care standards.