An evaluation of the hydrogeology potential of Nsukka, Southern Nigeria, using geographic information system

Abstract

Groundwater potential has been adjudged a panacea to residential development and livelihood improvement. Negligence to its spatio-heterogeneity over an area of concern leads to mismatches, i.e. land use misappropriation. Pumping test data from 26 boreholes were used to produce both static water level and hydraulic head with static water level range of 221.6 m in Ede-oballa to 66.6 m in Obimo, while hydraulic head varies from 182.1 to 322.04 m in Okpuje and Opi, respectively. Elevation values range from 251 m in Okpuje to 536 m in Ede-Oballa. Using ArcGIS the thematic maps of static water level, hydraulic head and elevation were interpolated and simulated to generate groundwater potential distribution. The resultant groundwater potential indices were delineated and its capability evaluated. Result indicates that these have control or influence on groundwater potential. The map models produced in this study provide better understanding towards proper management and utilization of groundwater resources in the Nsukka region.