Biological Oxygent Demand (BOD5) as Bio Indicator of Phytoplankton Diversity Index in the Mangrove Area of Kintap Estuary - South Kalimantan

Abstract

Indonesia as a country that has the largest mangrove area in the world, of course contributes significantly to global climate change. It is known, the mangrove area is an area with abundant biodiversity. The existence of various industrial activities, such as oil palm plantations or special coal port operations make the mangrove area can receive negative impacts. Bio-indicators are living organisms such as plants, planktons, animals, and microbes, which are utilized to screen the health of the natural ecosystem in the environment. They are used for assessing environmental health and bio geographic changes taking place in the environment. The ability of microorganisms to reform the biodegradation process is an indicator of pollutants in the waters. In the process, microorganisms require or consume more dissolved oxygen (DO). So, the higher the concentration of BOD5, the concentration of dissolved oxygen (DO) in water is reduced. This research uses the grab sampling method, which is done 4 times in one year for water quality sampling (BOD5) and aquatic biota samples. The results of this research, showed a significant positive correlation regarding the concentration of BOD5 on biodiversity in mangrove areas. Thus, BOD5 concentration can also be used as an bio-indicator of the quality biodiversity of mangrove areas.