IMPLIKASI PUTUSAN MAHKAHAM KONSTITUSI SEBAGAI POSITIF LEGISLATOR TERHADAP PRINSIP CHECK AND BALANCE

  • Sulastri D
  • Sanmas A
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Abstract

Penelitian ini mengkaji implikasi putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi yang bersifat positif legislator terhadap prinsip checks and balances dalam sistem ketatanegaraan Indonesia. Dalam beberapa putusannya, seperti Putusan Nomor 90/PUU-XXI/2023, Mahkamah Konstitusi tidak hanya membatalkan norma yang inkonstitusional, tetapi juga menciptakan norma baru yang bersifat mengatur. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menelusuri secara mendalam dasar hukum, implikasi, dan reformulasi kewenangan MK sebagai positif legislator agar harmonis  dengan prinsip negara hukum, checks and balances, dan supremasi konstitusi di Indonesia. Dari penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kerangka analisis yang jelas tentang batasan dan mekanisme pelaksanaan kewenangan MK sebagai positif legislator yang ideal. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif. Pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach):. b. Pendekatan konseptual (conceptual approach): c. Pendekatan kasus (case approach): d. Pendekatan komparatif (comparative approach): Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi yang bersifat positif legislator berpotensi menggeser keseimbangan kekuasaan antara cabang yudisial dengan cabang legislatif dan eksekutif. Meskipun putusan tersebut dapat memberikan solusi hukum yang progresif dalam situasi tertentu, namun hal tersebut juga dapat menimbulkan ketidakpastian hukum dan konflik kelembagaan. Perbandingan dengan praktik di negara lain, menunjukkan bahwa peran mahkamah konstitusi sebagai positif legislator juga menimbulkan perdebatan serupa dan memerlukan mekanisme checks and balances yang efektif. Kata kunci: Mahkamah Konstitusi, positif legislator, checks and balances,The Indonesian Constitutional Court has undergone a transformation from a negative legislator to a positive legislator, particularly evident in Decision No. 90/PUU-XXI/2023, which not only annulled unconstitutional norms but also created new regulations regarding age requirements for presidential candidates. This study examines the implications of Constitutional Court decisions as a positive legislator on checks and balances, practices in the United States, Germany, and South Korea, and the reformulation of Constitutional Court authority. Employing normative legal research with statutory, conceptual, case, and comparative approaches, this study analyzes Constitutional Court decisions and practices in three countries. The findings indicate that Constitutional Court decisions acting as a positive legislator tend to shift the balance of power between the judicial, legislative, and executive branches, creating legal uncertainty and institutional conflicts. Practices in the US, Germany, and South Korea reveal that the positive legislator role requires institutional dialogue mechanisms and clear authority limitations. The implications emphasize the need for reformulating Constitutional Court authority through establishing objective criteria, strengthening checks and balances mechanisms, and developing constitutional dialogue among the Constitutional Court, Parliament, and President. This study contributes by examining comparative practices (US, Germany, South Korea) and formulating reformulation guidelines not previously developed in existing scholarship.

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APA

Sulastri, D., & Sanmas, A. (2025). IMPLIKASI PUTUSAN MAHKAHAM KONSTITUSI SEBAGAI POSITIF LEGISLATOR TERHADAP PRINSIP CHECK AND BALANCE. LITIGASI, 26(2). https://doi.org/10.23969/litigasi.v26i2.21999

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