Innovative methods of biofilm treatment in chronic wounds

Abstract

One of the modern methods of treatment of wounds covered by a biofilm is bacteriophage therapy. Bacteriophages (phages) are viruses that infect bacteria. Phages have a very strong bactericidal effect and can replicate at the site of the infection. They spread in the biofilm, and have the capacity for enzymatic degradation of the polymeric matrix material. Phage therapy has a high level of security and efficacy against resistant bacteria. Results of clinical studies with probiotic bacteria have shown effectiveness similar to antiseptics. Probiotic bacteria or substances produced by these bacteria may be an effective means in the fight against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. An innovative method of fighting bacterial biofilm is also the use of metal nanoparticles (NPs). Preliminary studies have shown beneficial effects of NPs in reducing the biofilm layer. New therapies will rapidly and effectively treat chronic wounds and reduce the cost of care for chronic ulcers.