Prevención del suicidio y la conducta suicida

Abstract

In Mexico, suicidal behavior is a matter of concern because, although the rates of death by suicide are below global mean (11.4 vs. 4.1 x 100,000 population), between 1970 and 2007 they increased by 175 %, especially among young people, in whom it is the third leading cause of death. For this reason, several preventive actions have been developed but have not had the expected success, because they are poorly designed. They lack a uniform and clear case definition. Their approach is reductionist, it focuses only on the public health aspect and does not go beyond traditional plans of primary, secondary and tertiary prevention. This review aims to offer different options, such as adopting the case definition provided by Atlanta’s Cen-ters for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). It aims to broaden the vision in order to include philosophical, psychosocial and psychiatric aspects, as well as to include, as a theoretical framework, the “diathesis-stress” psychological model and propose a population-based intervention preventive strategy.