Factors influencing nurses self-efficacy two years after the COVID-19 outbreak: A cross-sectional study in Wuhan, China

Abstract

This study explored the anxiety, depression, and self-efficacy of nurses in Wuhan, China 2 years after the corona virus disease 2019 outbreak. A total of 552 nurses were enrolled in the study. Four well-established test tools were applied: The 9-item patient health questionnaire, The 7-item generalized anxiety disorder, generalized self-efficacy scale, Connor Davidson resilience scale. Twenty-eight points twenty-six percentage of the nurses had mild depression, and 5.62% had moderate or severe depression. Twenty-one points seventy-four percentage of nurses had mild anxiety and 1.82% had moderate or severe anxiety. The average score of self-efficacies is negatively correlated with the average score of the 9-item patient health questionnaire (r = -0.303, P < .01), and the7-item generalized anxiety disorder (r = -0.275, P < .01). The average score of self-efficacies is correlated with the resilience score (R = 0.799, P < .01). Through multiple linear regression analysis, the tenacity dimension and monthly income are most closely related to the sense of self-efficacy. Nurses self-efficacy and resilience are important factors in promoting their psychological well-being. This study suggests that increasing the salary and providing some strategies to increase nurses mental tenacity can promote self-efficacy.