Current Management Strategies in Patients with Heart Failure and Atrial Fibrillation: A Review of the Literature

Abstract

Heart Failure (HF) and Atrial Fibrillation (AF) are common diseases which lead to significant morbidity and mortality. Each disease can be a challenge to treat clinically, especially when they present together. We performed a review of the literature including clinical trials, metanalyses, and guidelines regarding the management of patients with HF and AF. This review describes the pathophysiologic mechanisms behind each disease state, their associated prognosis, and epidemiologic features. Strategies for prevention of stroke in patients with AF, including use of novel oral anticoagulants as well as prevention of the development of AF are discussed. We review the medical and catheter-based therapies for AF and present an original algorithm for the management of AF in patients with HF.