The diversity of garlic bulbs and cloves quantitative characteristics of local garlic collection of East Java AIAT

Abstract

Since 2017, garlic has received special attention from the Indonesian government considering its imbalance conditions in the domestic market. For that purpose, the government has established a self-sufficiency plan for garlic in 2045 through increased domestic production. However, the limitation of clove quality and data of the character description for garlic has become a major constraint in terms of the similarity of bulb characters and cloves between accessions. East Java AIAT has conducted an exploration of garlic germplasms to several areas of production centers as a source of planting materials for clove production. The objective of this study was to collect and to identify differentiated characters from the garlic accessions. This activity took place from 2017 2018 in four regencies, obtained the bulb of four varieties, and three garlic accessions. Each accession has its characteristics. The research result showed that Geol had the heaviest bulb weight and the highest bulb length. Regarding the ratio between the length and diameter of the bulbs, Tawangmangu Baru showed the highest ratio, followed by Lumbu Hijau and TN1. From the clove characteristics, Tawangmangu Baru showed the heaviest clove weight. Furthermore, the ratio between the length/diameter of the bulbs and cloves indicated the diversity between accessions. Also, it was potentially to be used as a differentiator between accessions.