In vitro study, antiviral activity of styrylpyrone derivative against dengue virus type 2

Abstract

Background and Objective: Secondary metabolites derived from Goniothalamus umbrosus were found to have a lot of beneficial bioactive effects on human health, such as antibacterial, antivirus, anti-tumor and anti-malaria. In this study, Styrylpyrone Derivative (SPD) extracted from G. umbrosus root was tested against dengue virus type 2 (DENV-2) replication. Materials and Methods: In the present study, cytotoxicity of SPD was evaluated by a cell viability assay using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Focus forming unit reduction assays were carried out to evaluate the antiviral activity of SPD against DENV-2. These include post-treatment, pre-treatment and virucidal assays. Results: Cytotoxicity test of SPD in Vero cells showed the concentration of 50% of cytotoxicity (CC50) was 42.5 µM (8.5 μg mL-1 ), this indicates that SPD is non-cytotoxic. High antiviral activity was observed in post-treatment with 100% reduction of DENV-2 foci at 25 µM of SPD. In the pre-treatment assay, more than 50% foci reduction was observed using the same concentration of SPD was observed. Whereas, more than 50% foci reduction was observed at 25 µM SPD in the virucidal assay. Conclusion: The findings indicated that the SPD from G. umbrosus has good potential for a prospective nature-based antiviral drug.