Beyond the ICU: family resilience and emotional turmoil after intensive care–a qualitative study

Abstract

Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, visitation restrictions in ICUs intensified psychological distress among family members, yet the long-term impact of psychosocial support on family resilience remains poorly understood. Objective: To evaluate the experiences of family members during the COVID-19 pandemic, focusing on interactions with healthcare professionals and well-being 18th months after hospitalisation. Methods: A qualitative descriptive study using semi-structured interviews with 14 families of patients admitted to the ICU in spring 2020.Data were analysed using inductive content analysis. Results: Experiences were shaped by caring interactions with healthcare professionals, emotional disruption, and reliance on family support. Clear information and psychosocial support fostered trust but were also associated with stress and feelings of isolation. The experience caused profound emotional distress, with family members reporting lasting anxiety, while others described gratitude and personal growth. Support from Family were central to coping, although the responsibility as the primary contact person could increase emotional burden. Conclusions: Families experienced significant psychological distress and long-lasting effects. The findings underline the need for improved communication, proactive support, and structured family-centred practices to address both immediate and long-term needs. Healthcare systems should implement strategies such as clear communication plans, follow-up counselling, support groups to reduce families’ emotional burden and improve well-being.