Toward a better understanding of pleasant sounds and soundscapes in urban settings

Abstract

Much research has focused on unwanted sound, or noise, and its links to poor health and wellbeing. In contrast, certain sounds–especially those drawn from nature–are linked to positive outcomes. There is increasing interest in identifying and protecting such sounds within cities to offer opportunities for psychological restoration or recovery. However, explanations of why certain sounds are perceived positively are limited. Theoretical development is needed in order to integrate available evidence into wider work on environment and wellbeing, and this should include attention to perceptual properties of sounds and their interpretations by listeners.