Addition of Anadara granosa shell chitosan in production bioplastics

Abstract

Bioplastic is a plastic composite material that can quickly degrade. The aims of the research are; to examine the optimal composition of bioplastics made from tapioca waste by adding blood clam shell chitosan and glycerol, to determine the quality of production bioplastics from tapioca waste with the addition of blood clam shell chitosan and glycerol, and to determine the chemical content of the clam shells. Raw material production of bioplastic was waste tapioca flour (%), chitosan (%), and glycerol (mL) of 65:35:5, 70:30:5, and 75:25:5. The sample was placed in a water bath and stirred at 80oC for 15 minutes, then the bioplastics were pressed on aluminum foil. The bioplastics dried at 100o C for 90 minutes and cooled at room temperature for 6 hours. The results of the tensile strength on PBA1, PAB2, PAB3 samples were 0.75 Mpa, 0.54 Mpa, and 0.34 Mpa, respectively. Elongation at break test value the PBA1 sample is 23.68%, the PBA2 sample is 15.33%, and the PBA3 sample is 12.12%. The test results of the sample do not meet the value of the quality standard SNI 7188.7:2016 for the bioplastic category. The optimal composition of bioplastic can be found in PBA2 sample using tapioca flour as raw material with chitosan and glycerol as much as 70%:30%:5mL with a tensile strength 0.54%, an elongation at break 15.33%, biodegradation of 43%, and has a bioplastic content with functional groups (C=C), (CO), (CH),(OH), (C=C), and (CH2 )n in the FTIR test results.