Surgical site infection in emergency and elective patients and it’s major risk factor in resource limited tertiary care center

Abstract

Postoperative surgical site infection (SSI) is major threat for surgeons. In this study, we measure the incidence of SSI in emergency and elective surgical patients and evaluation of any significant relation to anemia, hypoalbuminemia, Diabetes mellites, alcohol and tobacco user. This study was a prospective comparative study of 200 patients, studied during a twelve-month duration who were admitted and operated in our departments. Data collected including demographic profile and presence of SSI up to 30 postoperative days. In this prospective study of 200 patients (100 patients in each emergency and elective surgical case) surgical site infection was present in 17% (n=34) of patients, out of 34 SSI patients 64.7% (22 Patients) were male and 35.3% (12 Patients) were female. SSI was present in 73.5% and 26.5% of emergency and elective surgical cases respectively. Emergency and elective surgical cases were compared in SSI and non SSI cases and data showed a statistically significant difference (X2= 9.0716, P value .00256). Patients having SSI were compared with non SSI for anemia, hypoalbuminemia and diabetes mellites data showed statistically significant difference (X2=66.6, P value< 0.00001, X2=78.5, P value< 0.00001 and X2 =61.7, P value< 0.00001 respectively).