Paradiplomasi Jawa Barat dalam Pengembangan Bandung Green Smart City melalui Proyek ODA Chungcheongnam-do

Abstract

As a key cooperation partner of the Republic of Korea, Indonesia has long been a target of Korean Official Development Assistance (ODA) projects. Aligning with West Java's long-term plan to develop Bandung Green Smart City, Chungcheongnam-do, a province in Korea; through the Chungnam Center for Creative Economy and Innovation (CCEI), offered grant assistance to develop electric public transportation infrastructure through a knowledge-sharing-based ODA scheme. As a response, a series of prolonged diplomatic agendas were carried out to maximize the interests of each party. Based on qualitative research design, this article reveals the strategic maneuvers of the West Java Government's paradiplomacy in the project by examining paradiplomacy approaches, such as dialogue, negotiation, compromise, and lobbying, which can be identified through various cooperation agendas, especially meetings, field visits, and working groups. It is concluded that the paradiplomacy agenda is dominated by the West Java Provincial Government, emphasizing a peaceful approach and collaborative strategies with mutual respect for common interests, resulting in diplomatic outputs that primarily include regional economic acceleration. The presence of this article complements the literature on regional paradiplomacy in Indonesia to be further studied through ODA projects, thus initiating a more specific exploration of discussions beyond just twin cities. Keywords—CCEI, ODA Project, Paradiplomacy, West JavaSebagai mitra kerja sama utama Republik Korea, Indonesia telah lama menjadi target utama proyek Official Development Assistance (ODA) Korea. Sejalan dengan rencana jangka panjang Jawa Barat untuk mengembangkan Bandung sebagai kota pintar hijau; Chungcheongnam-do, sebuah provinsi di Korea; melalui Chungnam Center for Creative Economy and Innovation (CCEI) menawarkan bantuan hibah untuk mengembangkan infrastruktur transportasi umum listrik melalui skema ODA berbasis knowledge-sharing. Menanggapi penawaran tersebut, serangkaian agenda diplomasi yang berkepanjangan dilakukan, tidak hanya sebelum perjanjian tetapi juga selama pelaksanaan proyek untuk memaksimalkan kepentingan masing-masing pihak melalui penyesuaian kesepakatan tertentu. Dengan berbasis desain penelitian kualitatif, artikel ini mengungkap manuver strategis paradiplomasi Pemerintah Jawa Barat dalam proyek tersebut dengan mengkaji pendekatan paradiplomasi, seperti dialog, negosiasi, kompromi, dan lobi, yang dapat diidentifikasi melalui berbagai agenda kerja sama, terutama pertemuan, kunjungan lapangan, dan kelompok kerja. Disimpulkan bahwa hak otonomi daerah yang diberikan oleh pemerintah pusat memainkan peran penting dalam paradiplomasi pemerintah Jawa Barat yang memungkinkan implementasi praktiknya secara signifikan.