Native Macrofungi that Produce Lignin-Modifying Enzymes, Cellulases, and Xylanases with Potential Biotechnological Applications

Abstract

With the aim of identifying and exploiting the mycological resources available in the Mexican Sierra Madre Oriental, the lignocellulolytic and pectinolytic potential of autochthonous fungi were evaluated in the present work. A solid media selection system was established in which 74 isolated strains were tested and compared to six international reference strains. The macrofungi Xylaria sp CS121, Inonotus sp CU7, Basidiomycete CH32, Basidiomycete CH23, Xylaria poitei, and Trametes maxima CU1 showed the highest cellulolytic and pectinolytic potential. The greatest lignolytic capability was exhibited by T. maxima CU1 and Pycnoporus sanguineus CS43. Under stirred submerged culture, T. maxima CU1 (cellulases, cellobiose dehydrogenase, manganese peroxidase (MnP), and laccase, with 200, 359, 51, and 267 U/L, respectively) and Xylaria sp CS121 (198 U/L of xylanases) were the highest enzymatic producers. Under stationary conditions, the best producers were Inonotus sp CU7 for cellulases, P. sanguineus CS43 for cellobiose dehydrogenase and laccase, and T. maxima CU1 for xylanases and MnP (242, 467, 35, 165, and 31 U/L, respectively). These results demonstrate the efficiency of enzymatic profiling as a tool for enzyme discovery with Mexican native fungi.