Long-acting β2-adrenoceptor agonists: A new perspective in the treatment of asthma

Abstract

New long-acting β2-adrenoceptor agonists, formoterol and salmeterol, may soon appear in several European countries for treatment of asthma. This review examines currently available information and compares the basic pharmacology and describes the clinical effects of these new drugs. The long duration of bronchodilation seen in clinical studies seems to be similar, whereas in isolated tissues there might be a difference in the binding characteristics to the β2-adrenoceptor. Longacting β2-agonists could have an inhibitory effect on inflammatory events related to asthma, but the clinical relevance of these effects is not clear at present. Long-term studies up to one year with both new drugs have not shown any unexpected side-effects, and no tachyphylaxis to β-adrenoceptor stimulation has been reported. Patients appear to strongly prefer the new drugs compared to the short-acting β2-agonists. The potential place for these drugs in the treatment of asthma is discussed and some pitfalls pointed out. It is likely that the long-acting β2-agonists will be beneficial to many asthmatic patients.