Assessment of level pollution of Ivanovo city with heavy metals and oil products

Abstract

In given study the results of measurements of heavy metals content (Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, Co, Ni, Mn) and oil hydrocarbons in a soil cover of Ivanovo city are presented. The chemical pollution of soils was estimated with the comparison of obtained results with normalized values as well as on parameters which are indicators of unfavorable impact on a population health that is on the coefficient of concentration of chemical substance (Kc) and total parameter of chemical pollution (Zc). It has been established that the content of lead and oil products exceeds the standardized values by a factor of 6.7 and 3.9 times, respectively, and for all other controlled compounds their concentrations in all the test samples exceed the background values, with the exception of cobalt and manganese. For a determination of level pollution and for revealing main sources of anthropogenic impact the territory under study was divided on the following zones: buffer areas of gasoline stands, zones with the intensive vehicular traffic and residential zones. On Zc value the residential zones refer to category of permissible level of pollution (Zc < 16) whereas territories near roads and gasoline stands are characterized with the average level of pollution (16 < Zc < 32). The dynamics of the change in the value of the complex indicator of the level of chemical contamination of soil (Zc) for the period from 1999 to 2014 indicates a deterioration in the environmental condition of the soil, namely, the value of Zc increased from 12 to 18, which is probably associated with growth of vehicles (an average increase of 6% per year). On the basis of the method of geochemical mapping the reasonable assumption was made that the main contribution to soil contamination is provided by local sources of city.