Effect of Neurofeedback Training on Improvement of Reaction Time in Elderly, Passive Males

Abstract

Objectives Given the reduction of the ability to correctly predict stimuli, the aging process is often associated\rwith an increase in reaction time. This is particularly more pronounced in the elderly. The neurofeedback\rprogram can influence the cognitive function and physical performance by auto-tuning the\rbrain wave abnormalities. The main objective of the current study was to investigate the impact of neurofeedback\rexercises upon the improvement of the reaction time in elderly, passive males.\rMethods & Materials The study was a quasi-experimental research in which 18 elderly males, with an\raverage (SD) age of 65.38 (3.12) years, were selected and randomly assigned in experimental and control\rgroups. A YB-1000 reaction timer was used to evaluate the reaction time of the subjects across 3 sets of\rmeasurements (pretests, midtests, and posttests). The subjects in the experimental group participated\rin 12 neurofeedback exercise sessions (increase of beta and decrease of theta powers). To eliminate the\rimpact of empathy, the control group was subject to a similar training plan in which they only observed\rthe recorded waves of the experimental group exercises.\rResults Statistical analysis of the results based on the MANCOVA test demonstrated a significant improvement\rin the reaction time of the experimental group compared with the control group following the\rneurofeedback exercising (P<0.5).\rConclusion Based on the reinforcement or inhibition of the brain waves as well as the improvement of\rthe memory use, neurofeedback exercises can serve as an effective means to improve the cognitive\rprocesses (e.g. the reaction time) of the elderly.