Unusual metastases in renal cell carcinoma

Abstract

Introduction and Objectives Clear cell renal carcinoma (CRC) is the most frequent renal neoplasm. Up to 30% of cases present systemic disease, being the most common: lung, lymph, liver and brain. The objective of this work is to report rare cases of CRC metastasis and to establish possible factors related to metastasis. Methods and Materials Retrospective review of medical records in the national institute of cancerology of patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma between the years 2013 to 2017. Six cases with sites of unusual metastases were identified in patients of the oncology urology service of the national institute of cancerology, highlighting histopathology and immunhistochemistry of the surgical specimens of both the primary and metastasis, reporting specific markers and classifications as appropriate. Results Case 1 Metastasis to duodenum, Case 2 metastasis to ovary, case 3 metastasis to testis, case 4 metastasis to skin, case 5 metastasis to thyroid gland, case 6 metastasis to breast and skin. Different variables were evaluated and analyzed based on the literature. Conclusions We consider that age, smoking, histological grade, invasion of the renal vein, tumor size and stage may be predisposing factors to this behavior.