Diagnostic fibreoptic bronchoscopy in the immunocompromised host with pulmonary infiltrates

Abstract

Nineteen immunocompromised patients with pulmonary infiltrates underwent diagnostic fiberoptic bronchoscopy with transbronchial forceps and brush biopsy. A specific diagnosis was obtained in 21/25 procedures (10/11 focal lesions and 11/14 diffuse lesions). The most common diagnosis was infection, and organisms isolated included bacteria, fungi, Pneumocystis carinii, and herpes simplex. A pneumothorax requiring tube drainage occurred in two cases and mild lung parenchymal bleeding was noted in two others. It is concluded that fiberoptic bronchoscopy with forceps and brush biopsy can be performed safely with an excellent diagnostic yield in immunocompromised hosts with lung lesions. Supplemental oxygen should be administered during fiberoptic procedures in these patients and platelet transfusions should be given when thrombocytopenia is present.