Differential effect of zinc on the vertebrate GABA(A)-receptor complex

Abstract

1. γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) responses were recorded from rat superior cervical ganglia (SCG) in culture using the whole cell recording technique. 2. Zinc (50-300 μM) reversibly antagonized the GABA response in embryonic and young post-natal neurones, while neurones cultured from adult animals were far less sensitive and occasionally resistant to zinc blockade. Cadmium (100-300 μM) also antagonised the GABA response, while barium (100 μM-2mM) was ineffective. 3. The differential blocking effect of zinc on cultured neurones of different ages also occurred in intact SCG tissue. 4. The GABA log dose-response curve constructed with foetal or adult cultured neurones was reduced in a non-competitive manner by zinc. This inhibition was minimally affected by the membrane potential. 5. The GABA response recorded intracellularly from guinea-pig pyriform cortical slices was enhanced by zinc (300-500 μM), which occurred concurrently with a decrease in the input conductance of the cell. The enhancement was unaffected by prior blockade of the GABA uptake carrier by 1 mM nipecotic acid. This phenomenon could be reproduced by barium (300 μM) and cadmium (300 μM). 6. We conclude that the vertebrate neuronal GABA(A)-receptor becomes less sensitive to zinc with neural (GABA(A)-receptor?) development, and the enhanced GABA response recorded in the CNS is a consequence of the reduction in the input conductance and not due to a direct effect on the receptor complex.