Environmental Education in Indonesia Secondary School Teachers’ Perspective: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Environmental education (EE) as a means to implement natural awareness and eco-friendly behavior among students is influenced by the teacher’s perspective towards it. In the previous Indonesian school-based curriculum (KTSP), EE is incorporated and mentioned distinctly as a subject. However, the alternation of KTSP into the 2013 curriculum has removed EE as a unit in Indonesian public schools. Therefore, the EE perspective among teachers has changed. Therefore, this study aims to discuss the teacher’s perspective towards EE, in this study will be more specified in the secondary school context. A systematic literature review of various studies of EE in the teaching realm is conducted. Curriculum, classroom implementation, and the challenges and opportunities of EE in the teacher’s context are the aspects that will be discussed. Several studies mentioned that senior teachers have a profound comprehension of EE compared to new teachers due to their previous knowledge of EE incorporation in the KTSP curriculum. However, despite the lack of experience, some teachers have incorporated EE in the class regardless of teaching experience. Nevertheless, the challenges still impose the EE implementation in the secondary school context. In conclusion, due to the curriculum alteration, this study opines that the secondary school teachers’ perspective towards EE has changed, affecting the EE implementation in the class. However, the opportunities for EE implementation are still present and could be improved through well-established cooperation among the responsible parties.