Treatment of hypertension in children and adolescents

Abstract

The article presents the data on modern approaches to non-drug and drug treatment of hypertension in children and adolescents. The article analyzes the recommendations of the American Heart Association (2017) and the European Society of Hypertension (2016) for the treatment of arterial hypertension. The authors describe the possibilities of non-drug treatment by changing the diet and increasing the level of physical activity. The article presents data on multicenter randomized clinical studies on the use of the main groups of antihypertensive drugs in children and adolescents, recommendations on the target level of blood pressure in the treatment of hypertension. The authors present indications and contraindications to the prescription of antihypertensive drugs: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, calcium channel blockers. The concept of using β-blockers for the treatment of arterial hypertension is revised. The authors consider the treatment of refractory arterial hypertension and treatment of hypertension with proteinuria, metabolic syndrome, dyslipidemia.