Feto-maternal outcome of subclinical hypothyroidsm in pregnancy

Abstract

Introduction : Thyroid dysfunction is one of the most common endocrine disorder affecting women of reproductive age group including pregnancy. There are a few reports of prevalence    of hypothyroidism during pregnancy from India with prevalence rate ranging from 4.8% to 11%, Subclinical Hypothyroidism is as high as 13.5 % women. Aim & Objective: To study the incidence of sub clinical hypothyroidism during pregnancy and its outcome both in fetus and mother.  Material & Method: This prospective study with 50 patients  has been conducted from October 2019 to September 2021, in the department of obstetrics and gynecology at VIMSAR Burla after getting clearance from the institutional ethical committee. Observation: The Incidence of subclinical hypothyroidism was found to be 0.58%. The Common association with maternal complications were preeclampsia (4%), preterm labour (22%), and anti partum haemorrhage (2%).The most common association with  neonatal complication observed were low birth weight, intra uterine growth retardation, poor APGAR score, RDS and perinatal deaths. Conclusion: Subclinical hypothyroidism requires special consideration because pregnancy induces major changes in thyroid function and maternal thyroid disease can have adverse effect on pregnancy and fetus. Replacement therapy with L-thyroxin is the treatment of choice in hypothyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism.