Climate classification of Abies pinsapo Boiss. forests in Southern Spain

Abstract

Understanding the current distribution of vegetation and its interaction with climate regularity is important for predicting its future change. 35 weather stations with monthly resolutions have been reconstructed using GENPT software to study the pinsapo fir forest climate types. Ten climate variables have been used to describe the particular climate of A. pinsapo forests following the Climatic System of Allué (1990). A climate examination suggests that pinsapo fir forests might be established in a particular climate, which seems to be unique in the Iberian Peninsula, though the species also grows under other climates. A multivariable analysis has been done, providing five classes of pinsapo fir forests sharing some climate features: Atlantic, Mediterranean, warm, continental and cold. Results are biogeographically consistent and may help to explain plant biogeography in this region. Preservation efforts in pinsapo fir forests should be concentrated on the distribution areas with the highest risk of the climate change impact.