A Review on Conductive and Transparent Materials Used in the Design of Transparent Antennas

Abstract

In this review, we highlight the essential parameters of some transparent materials for use in the design of transparent antennas. ITO films with a sheet resistance of Rs = 10 Ω/sq and a T = 90% transmittance, we turn to materials that can be serious alternatives for ITO, such as graphene T = 97% for Rs = 60 Ω/sq and the micro-mesh metal. Wire mesh seems to be the best alternative T = 93% for Rs < 0.05 Ω/sq but there is another technique to improve the visual perception of the antenna which provides a lower resistance and a good Rs = 0.022 Ω/sq at T = 81%, this is the micrometric pitch mesh.