In vitro and in vivo efficacy of a hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate to bind and reduce aflatoxin residues in tissues of broiler chicks fed aflatoxin B1

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the binding capacity of a hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate (HSCAS) for aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), and the efficacy of the HSCAS to reduce the concentrations of residual AFB1 and its metabolites in the liver and kidney of broilers fed AFB1. One hundred 1-d-old male broilers (Ross 708) were maintained in chick batteries and allowed ad libitum access to feed and water. A completely randomized design was used with 5 replicate pens of 5 chicks assigned to each of 4 dietary treatments from hatch to 21 d. Dietary treatments included the following: A) basal diet (BD), with no HS- CAS or AFB1, B) BD supplemented with 0. 5% HSCAS only, C) BD supplemented with 2. 5 mg of AFB1/kg of feed, and D) BD supplemented with 2. 5 mg of AFB1/ kg of feed and 0. 5% HSCAS. On d 21, 5 chicks from each treatment were anesthetized with carbon dioxide, killed by cervical dislocation, and samples of liver and kidney were collected for analysis of AFB1 residues. The percentage of AFB1 bound for each concentration of adsorbent (100, 10, 1, 0. 5, 0. 25, and 0. 05 mg/10 mL) was 100, 91. 1, 81. 8, 75. 4, 40. 1, and 8. 8%, respectively. Concentrations of aflatoxin residues (AFB1, aflatoxicol, aflatoxins B2 and G1) were lower (P < 0. 05) in livers and kidneys of birds fed AFB1 plus HSCAS (diet D), when compared with birds fed AFB1 alone (diet C). However, histopathology data from the in vivo study indicated that HSCAS did not prevent lesions associated with aflatoxicosis. The decrease in the bioavailability of AFB1 caused by the HSCAS reduced aflatoxin residues in liver and kidney, but not enough to completely prevent the toxic effects of AFB1 in broilers. © 2013 Poultry Science Association Inc.