Hubungan tingkat pengetahuan, sikap, dan dukungan keluarga terhadap kepatuhan minum obat pada pasien lansia hipertensi di UPTD Puskesmas Ciputat

Abstract

Hypertension is known as a "silent killer" and is one of the leading non-communicable diseases contributing to global morbidity and mortality, including in Indonesia. Medication adherence in hypertensive patients poses a major challenge due to the low awareness of the need for long-term therapy. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the level of knowledge, attitude, and family support as supervision factors and medication adherence among hypertensive patients at UPTD Puskesmas Ciputat. This study employed a quantitative method with a cross-sectional design. The research was conducted from May 14 to June 12, 2025, at UPTD Puskesmas Ciputat, with a total sample of 376 hypertensive patients selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected using a validated and reliable questionnaire. The univariate analysis showed that the majority of respondents had good knowledge, a positive attitude, and strong family support. Bivariate analysis using the Spearman-rank test revealed a significant relationship between the three independent variables (knowledge, attitude, and family support) and medication adherence, with a p-value < 0.05. These findings indicate that patients with good knowledge, a positive attitude towards treatment, and strong family support are more likely to adhere to antihypertensive medication to maintain controlled blood pressure. In conclusion, knowledge, attitude, and family support play an important role in enhancing medication adherence among hypertensive patients.