Unveiling pathways; the experiences that impact a female surgeon's journey to consultancy, a qualitative interview study

Abstract

Background: Despite progress in gender equality, female surgeons face unique career challenges. This dissertation explores the factors influencing female surgeons' careers, with the aim of identifying female surgeons' positive experiences, but also the obstacles they encounter, and the strategies they use to overcome challenges. Methods: A qualitative research methodology was employed to understand the experiences of female surgeons working at a single healthcare facility in Western Australia. An interpretivist approach guided the study, focusing on the subjective experiences and perceptions of the participants. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews with female consultant surgeons. Braun and Clark's thematic analysis was used to identify and interpret key themes within the interview data. Results: Some surgeons struggled with a lack of female mentorship. Participants experienced various forms of sexism, ranging from subtle biases to overt discrimination. Supportive family structures and effective time management are crucial for balancing professional and personal demands. Resilience and determination were essential for success. While some felt pressured to adopt traditionally masculine traits, others found value in maintaining traditionally feminine qualities, emphasizing the importance of authenticity. Conclusion: Barriers persist for female surgeons, including subtle discrimination, challenges related to motherhood, and pressure to conform to male stereotypes. Although overt harassment is less common, subtle forms can still affect one's mental health and career progression. In order to foster a more inclusive environment for women, continued efforts are needed to address these challenges and enhance support for female surgeons.