Total Fenolik, Flavonoid, dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak dan Fraksi Eceng Gondok (Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms)

Abstract

Water hyacinth is a very fast growing aquatic weed. It contains active compounds including flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids, terpenoids, anthocyanins, tannins, phenolics, anthraquinones and quinones. These compounds can be used as antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, antitumor, anticancer, anticoronary and antiinflammatory agents. The purpose of this study was to determine the levels of phenolic and flavonoid in water hyacinth plant extracts and fractions and the IC50 value which describes the level of antioxidant effectiveness. The extract was obtained by maceration using ethanol as a solvent. Fractionation of water hyacinth ethanol extract using n-hexane, ethyl acetate and water as solvents. Antioxidant test used DPPH method. Total flavonoid on the ethanol extract were 0.023±0.0015gEQ/g, the ethyl acetate fraction 0.028±0.0015gEQ/g, the n-hexane fraction 0.008±0.0005gEQ/g, and the water fraction 0.002±0.0005gEQ/g. Total phenolic of water hyacinth herb in ethanol extract were 5.403±0.910mgGAE/g, ethyl acetate fraction was 1.810±0.225mgGAE/g, n-hexane fraction was 0.457±0.290mgGAE/g and water fraction was 0.147±0.151mgGAE/g. The IC50 value for the ethanol extract was 48.64mg/L, the ethyl acetate fraction was 223.27mg/L, the water fraction was 451.86mg/L, and the n-hexane fraction was 845.00mg/L.