An Analysis of Trend, Pattern, and Determinants of Abortion, Miscarriage, and Stillbirths in Odisha, India

Abstract

The study aimed at examining the prevalence of pregnancy termination by Abortion, Miscarriage, and Stillbirths (AMS) and its determinants in the state of Odisha, India. The NFHS-IV data have been used for this analysis. GIS mapping has been used for the spatial distribution of outcome variables at the district level. Univariate analysis (chi-square) and a multivariable logistic model have been used to identify the potential factors associated with AMS. Out of 8,484 pregnancy cases registered, 969 (11.4%) cases had met with pregnancy termination by AMS. Jagatsinghpur, Jajapur, Subarnapur, Kendrapara, Nayagarh, and Puri have been identified as high prevalent districts. The age group of 30-34 years is more likely of pregnancy termination than the age group 15-19 years (OR=1.254). Women who have completed secondary education have 1.568 times higher odds of pregnancy termination by AMS than those who are illiterate. Pregnancy complications show significantly higher odds (OR=1.091) of pregnancy termination. Among the trio of reasons for pregnancy termination, miscarriage cases are the most prevalent, followed by abortion and stillbirths. Potential factors like age, education, wealth index, place of delivery, and anemia are significant for AMS (p value<0.05). Hence, a robust program must be developed to reduce adverse pregnancy outcomes.