A Review on Low-Power Two-Stage CMOS Operational Amplifiers

Abstract

Due to the increasing demand for low-power integrated analog circuits such as operational amplifiers, the design of these amplifiers for operating within the sub-threshold voltage range has become more substantial. This paper represents a review of the proposed techniques in the design of low-power operational amplifiers. In addition to presenting the parameters related to reducing the power consumption, such as supply voltage, bias current, and MOS devices technology, this paper presents the frequency-dependent parameters like slew rate, unity-gain bandwidth, and phase margin with the limitations that arise due to using the proposed techniques in optimizing of these parameters.