Analysis of Physico-Chemical Parameters: An Empirical Study of Yewa River Ogun and Part of Badagry Creek Lagos, Southwest Nigeria

Abstract

Surface and Ground water is important source of water supply in the world which is needed for human survival and industrial development. The ground and surface water chemistry is controlled by the composition of its recharge components as well as geological and hydrological variations within the aquifers [1]. Khodapanah et al. [2] opined that polluted ground and surface water sources are the cause for the spread of epidemic and chronic disease in human beings. Industrialization and increase in population are responsible for depletion of our groundwater sources. Improved knowledge is required for understanding and evaluating the suitability of groundwater for different purposes. Groundwater quality comprises physical, chemical and biological qualities of groundwater [3]. A measure of the quantity of dissolved salts and other minerals in sea water is the term salinity. Normally, salinity can be defined as the total amount of dissolved solids in sea water in parts per thousand (ppt or ‰) by weight. Generally, salinity cannot be determined directly but can be computed from chlorinity, electrical conductivity, refractive index or some other property whose relationship to salinity is well established. In the Law of Constancy of Proportions, sample salinity can be established by the level of chlorinity in a sea water sample. The average salinity of sea water is around 35%. The rate of variation of sound velocity is approximately 1.3 m/s for a 1% alteration in salinity. Water is an invaluable resource to man and living things, essential for the sustenance of life [4] on earth as exemplified by its diversified uses (drinking, cooking, washing, irrigation, farming etc.) [5]. The quality of drinking water is a powerful environmental determinant of health [6]. In a recent survey by [7], it is estimated that 65 million Nigerians had no access to safe drinking water. Many human communities Volume 2 Issue 1 2017