Evaluation of Bone quality and quantity by using bovine xenograft versus β-TCP for maxillary sinus augmentation: A Randomized controlled clinical trial

Abstract

Purpose: Dental rehabilitation of partially or totally edentulous patients with dental implants has become a routine treatment in the last decades. However, unsuitable local conditions of the alveolar ridge, due to atrophy, gingival disease, and trauma sequelae, may provide inadequate bone volume or unfavorable vertical, horizontal, and sagittal intermaxillary relationships, which may render dental implant placement impossible or incorrect from a functional and esthetic viewpoint. Different bone graft materials have been used for sinus augmentation. Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate bone quality and quantity by using bovine xenograft versus β-TCP in open maxillary sinus augmentation. Patients and methods: A total of 12 sinus (in 12 patients) were randomly divided into 2 groups. For group A patients received open sinus augmentation with xenograft (Tutobone) while patients in group B received open sinus augmentation with β-TCP. After 6 months, a second cone beam C.T was performed for each patient and compared to the first cone beam to evaluate bone quantity. A core biopsy was taken at the time of implant placement at 6 month of healing period for histological and histomorphometric evaluation of bone quality. Results: Histological results showed that most of the particles of the two biomaterials were surrounded by new bone. The histomorphometry showed characteristics of new bone formation around the grafted particles in both groups. Conclusion: β-TCP showed superior bone quality and quantity compared to bovine xenograft for sinus augementation.