Sex differences in the impact of structured education together with isCGM in individuals with type 1 diabetes: post hoc analysis of the ISCHIA study

Abstract

Background: The ISCHIA study demonstrated that intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring (isCGM) combined with structured education effectively reduced the time below range (TBR) in individuals with type 1 diabetes. Given that the influence of sex on CGM metrics has remained unclear, we performed a post hoc analysis of the ISCHIA study to evaluate the impact of isCGM together with structured education on TBR and other parameters in men and women separately. Methods: Data for 93 individuals who completed the ISCHIA study were analyzed. Baseline characteristics and intervention outcomes, including CGM indices and quality of life (QOL) scores, were stratified by sex for comparative analysis. Results: Age, body mass index, disease duration, and insulin dosage at baseline did not differ significantly between men and women. Intervention outcomes including TBR (9.9 ± 6.2% vs 10.3 ± 7.6% for men vs women, respectively), time in range (61.5 ± 11.2% vs 59.7 ± 10.9%), and time above range (28.6 ± 12.7% vs 30.0 ± 13.4%) as well as QOL scores also did not show any significant sex differences. Conclusion: The use of isCGM together with structured education was suggested to be effective in reducing TBR among individuals with type 1 diabetes regardless of sex.