Effects and Consequences of Stress on Root Physiology

Abstract

Because roots are out of sight, they are too often out of mind when the effects of stress on overall tree condition are considered. A description and discussion of tree root structure and function is followed by some basic information on root physiology. The effects of various stresses, that affect the roots directly and indirectly, are considered in relation to root structure and physiology, and the consequences of altered root physiology on tree health is discussed.