Influence of interleukin-6 on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of osimertinib in patients with non-small cell lung cancer

Abstract

Purpose: The inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-6 reduces the activity of drug metabolic enzymes and promotes tumor progression. We investigated the effect of IL-6 on the pharmacokinetics of osimertinib and the association between an IL-6 polymorphism and clinical outcomes in 30 patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: Osimertinib and IL-6 plasma concentrations were measured on day 15 after therapy initiation. The genotype of IL-6 1800796G > C was identified using polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism. Risk factors affecting overall survival (OS) were assessed by Cox proportional hazard regression analysis. Results: The IL-6 concentration was significantly correlated with the osimertinib trough plasma concentration (r = 0.423, P = 0.020) and area under the plasma concentration–time curve (r = 0.420, P = 0.021). The IL-6 concentration was significantly higher in patients with the IL-6 rs1800796G allele versus C/C genotype (P = 0.024). OS was significantly shorter in patients with the IL-6 rs1800796G allele versus C/C genotype (median: 15.1 vs. 48.9 months, P = 0.005). Univariate and multivariate analyses indicated that the IL-6 rs1800796G allele is an independent risk factor for OS (crude hazard ratio = 7.07; P = 0.014; adjusted hazard ratio = 6.38; P = 0.021). Conclusion: A higher IL-6 concentration was associated with reduced metabolic activity of osimertinib, leading to increased osimertinib exposure. As the IL-6 concentration was higher in NSCLC patients with the IL-6 rs1800796G allele, it might be an independent prognostic factor for patients treated with osimertinib.