“A pragmatic approach for scaling both carbon utilization and sequestration”

Abstract

Anthropogenic disruption of Earth’s carbon cycle necessitates urgent action to stabilize atmospheric CO₂ while preserving economic prosperity. Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) and Carbon Capture and Utilization (CCU), though often conflated, play distinct, complementary roles in a net-zero future. This perspective contrasts CCS’s critical function in permanent emissions mitigation with CCU’s capacity to deliver essential carbon-based products, advocating for integrated deployment and supportive policies to address the carbon management imperative’s technical, economic, and societal challenges.