‘Wanting to escape’: motivations and experiences of adults who go missing repeatedly

Abstract

This study explores the lived experiences of adults who have been reported missing repeatedly, an area that has received little attention in the literature. Understanding the psychological factors associated with ‘repeat’ missing incidents among adults is critical to improving support and prevention strategies, but prior studies have largely focused on single incidents or location strategies rather than exploring the personal experiences of those who go missing repeatedly. To address this gap, twelve in-depth interviews were conducted with adults who had been reported missing multiple times. An abbreviated version of Grounded Theory analysis revealed five key themes contributing to repeat missing behaviour: childhood instability, mental health struggles and a lack of personal control, personal stressor accumulation, long-term proclivity for escape and difficulties associated with returning home between missing episodes: facing others and a lack of specific support. These factors offer insights into the complex motivations and life circumstances that underlie repeat missing episodes. By examining these experiences, the study sheds light on the psychological and situational drivers of repeat missing behaviour and suggests avenues for targeted interventions to safeguard vulnerable adults at risk of going missing again.