Intergenerational mental health

Abstract

Mental health in different related generations is a matter of increasing general and scientific interest. The purpose of this narrative review, necessarily limited, is to update the corresponding scientific knowledge, by selecting a total of 72 qualified research studies. The results show appropriate evidence that inheritable genetic information is accompanied by epigenetic marks. The combination of genetic and epigenetic modifications is important to determine the phenotypic diversity of the progenitors and their descendants, and it also may generate multiple psychopathological states. The so-called fetal programming is a delicate adaptive process of prenatal growth that may be morbidly interfered with. There are hypotheses about epigenetic mechanisms through which prenatal and postnatal experiences program the child's reactivity to stress and promote the development of adaptative phenotypes. The intergenerational distancing patterns and processes among families are very complex, so it is difficult to draw valid conclusions about mental health among linked generations. It can be stated, however, that severe mental disorders often affect multiple generations. Information and knowledge about this phenomenon undoubtedly requires abundant high quality research.