EDB-CHS-BOF: Energy and distance-based cluster head selection with balanced objective function protocol

Abstract

In this research, two novel cluster head selection protocols are proposed, namely, Energy and Distance Based Cluster Head Selection (EDB-CHS) and EDB-CHS with Balanced Objective Function (EDB-CHS-BOF). They mainly aim at balancing energy consumption amongst all sensor nodes, prohibiting their precocious death, and extending the network lifetime. More specifically, in EDB-CHS protocol, a new cluster shape is proposed and consequently a tight closed-form expression for the optimal number of cluster heads (CHs) in the network is derived. Additionally, an efficacious CHS algorithm is presented, which is an expression of threshold probability that takes into account the residual energy of sensor nodes, how far they are located from the Base Station (BS), as well as the node's optimal probability of being a CH. On the other hand, the EDB-CHS-BOF protocol is proposed mainly to address the matter of having long-distance communications as a result of obtaining adjacent CHs. In EDB-CHS-BOF protocol, a new threshold probability for each sensor node to be a CH in any round is proposed. Not only to this extent, but rather a balanced objective function is proposed to ensure a well-proportioned distribution of CHs over the network. Simulation results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed protocols over other directly related works in terms of network lifetime and total data delivery.