Ameliorative effects of daniellia oliveri leaf extracts on streptozotocin-nicotinamide-induced type II diabetes in wistar rats

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is becoming more prevalent, and well-known conventional therapies reportedly have adverse effects. Hence, in streptozotocin-nicotinamide-induced type II diabetic mice, the therapeutic efficacy and haematological implication of administering organic extracts of Daniellia oliveri leaf (Do) were investigated. The diabetic rats were treated with 250mg/kg body weight of organic extracts of D. oliveri obtained by cold macerations in diethyl ether, ethanol, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane and 10 mg/kg (metformin) daily for 14 days after being induced with a single dose of 60 mg/kg and 110 mg/kg body weight of streptozotocin and nicotinamide, respectively. Our study revealed that treatment with metformin and D. oliveri organic extracts significantly reduced elevated blood glucose levels and reversed the increased glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) and glycosylated haemoglobin values. Hepatic glucose concentrations, white blood cells (WBC), packed cell volumes (PCV), haemoglobin (Hb), and red blood cells (RBC) increased after the induction of diabetes were reduced following D. oliveri extracts treatment. In addition, the activities of glucose-6-phosphatase and neutrophil concentration were increased, while blood lymphocyte levels were significantly reduced in all groups except for the diabetic non treated group. Thus, this study suggests that while all solvent extracts of D. oliveri leaf were efficient in treating diabetes, the ethanol extract stands out as an excellent candidate. Additionally, the various solvent extracts studied are potential candidates for blood-boosting and may also aid in immune system enhancement.