The Lyapunov spectrum of families of time-varying matrices

Abstract

For L ∞ L^{\infty } -families of time varying matrices centered at an unperturbed matrix, the Lyapunov spectrum contains the Floquet spectrum obtained by considering periodically varying piecewise constant matrices. On the other hand, it is contained in the Morse spectrum of an associated flow on a vector bundle. A closer analysis of the Floquet spectrum based on geometric control theory in projective space and, in particular, on control sets, is performed. Introducing a real parameter ρ ≥ 0 \rho \ge 0 , which indicates the size of the L ∞ L^{\infty } -perturbation, we study when the Floquet spectrum, the Morse spectrum, and hence the Lyapunov spectrum all coincide. This holds, if an inner pair condition is satisfied, for all up to at most countably many ρ \rho -values.