Analysis of changes in shallow water benthic habitat area using sentinel-2 imagery on the Ujung Genteng coast, Sukabumi, West Java, Indonesia

Abstract

Ujung Genteng is a remarkable place known for its rich marine diversity and provide various marine biota habitats. However, uncontrolled human activity and natural factors can cause changes in benthic habitats in shallow marine waters. Remote sensing technology can be used to monitor these changes through spatial and temporal analyses. This study aimed to map benthic habitats in Ujung Genteng waters and determine their accuracy using a pixel-based classification. The results were highly accurate, with an overall accuracy of 70,49% and excellent image interpretation accuracy, with a kappa coefficient value of 0,619. By analyzing Sentinel-2 satellite image data from 2017, 2020, and 2023, we observed changes in the area of each benthic habitat. The most significant real change was the addition of 8,92 hectares of sand class area and the reduction of 22,89 hectares of macroalgae class area.